Objective: PAYMENT systems in healthcare organizations are critical, behavioral, and dynamic. Given the existing challenges in PAYMENT systems, characterized by imbalances in PAYMENT amounts and inequitable ratios within and across job categories, there is a pressing need for a novel MODEL to configure desired PAYMENT systems which proposed in this paper. Information sources and selected methods for study: A narrative review was conducted using the PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases with the keywords "PAYMENT methods" or "PAYMENT system" and "characteristics" or "components" and their Persian equivalents. A total of 16 articles were selected. Additionally, protocols for physician compensation methods and nursing service tariffs from the past five years were obtained and reviewed from the Ministry of Health website. Finally, a novel MODEL was developed based on the research team's expertise and inspired by the Iranian Tar instrument. Results: The Iranian Tar MODEL is introduced as a guide for configuring desired PAYMENT systems. This MODEL incorporates six tuning pegs (sufficiency, savings, desired behavior, ease of calculation, distinction, and equity) paired in twos within three axes for configuring PAYMENT systems. The positioning of common PAYMENT systems (including salary, capitation, Fee-for-Service, and Pay for Performance methods) within the three axes of the MODEL is examined. Conclusion: Previous studies have addressed PAYMENT system parameters in isolation, with limited attention to their interconnectedness. The Iranian Tar MODEL's six interrelated tuning pegs empower organizations to effectively configure their PAYMENT system at individual, intra-group, and inter-group levels.

This paper proposes a multi-supplier multi-product inventory MODEL in which the suppliers have unlimited production capacity, allow delayed PAYMENT, and offer either an all-unit or incremental discount. The retailer can delay PAYMENT until after they have sold all the units of the purchased product. The retailers warehouse is limited, but the surplus can be stored in a rented warehouse at a higher holding cost. The demand over a finite planning horizon is known. This MODEL aims to choose the best set of suppliers and also seeks to determine the economic order quantity allocated to each supplier. The MODEL will be formulated as a mixed integer and nonlinear programming MODEL which is NP-hard and will be solved by using genetic algorithm (GA), simulated annealing (SA) algorithm, and vibration damping optimization (VDO) algorithm. Finally, the performance of the algorithms will be compared.

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In today’s business transactions, it is frequently observed that a customer is allowed some grace period (permissible delay in PAYMENT) before settling the account with the supplier or producer.This policy is advantageous both for the supplier and customer since supplier attracts more customers and customer does not have to pay any interest during this fixed period either. In this paper, the researchers generalize Goyal’s MODEL (1985) with permissible delays in PAYMENT depending on the ordered quantity and shortage is the combination of backlogged and lost sales. The researchers then establish a proper mathematical MODEL, and propose an algorithm to solve MODEL easily. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the algorithm and the theoretical results.

Not paying electricity bills on the side of the consumers has created some problems for the Khozestan Water - Power Authority (KWPA), hence calling for a solution to decrease the problem. In this study, some problems due to the lack of electricity PAYMENT bills are noted and the pre- PAYMENT plan as a residential option suggested by KWPA is considered and its effective factors are taken into account. Since response variable is binary, statistical logistic regression MODEL is used to study the effect on the pre-PAYMENT. Findings are then shown in descriptive and inferential statistics using the statistical softwares such as SPSS and SAS.